While making the switch from a PC to a is not as difficult as some might imagine, there are differences between the two operating systems that you should keep in mind and consider before making the switch. A common misconception about switching to a Mac is that you can use it EXACTLY like you used your old Windows PC. I am here to tell you there is a little learning involved, but with the appropiate knowledge and a little bit of practice, making the switch from PC to should be frustration-free. Transitions The first thing you will notice about a is the operating system is different. Macs run on Apple's while other PC's typically run the Microsoft Windows operating system.
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In OS X, there is no need to double-click on any of the applications. Just click once and the application will open. Here are some other transitioning tips to help you switch from PC to Mac. With a Mac, there is no need to manually download or install drivers for external devices such as printers and jump drives to work. Just plug them into your Mac and the computer automatically recognizes the device and installs the necessary files to your computer. PC users on a Mac often ask, 'where are all my files? How do I find documents?'
In OS X, is the tool you use to browse and manage files on your computer - similiar to My Documents in the Windows world. PC power users often employ a variety of hotkeys to execute actions on their computer. (left and right of the spacebar) instead of the CTRL button in the PC world. PC people are used to clicking on the Windows Start button in the lower-left hand corner of the desktop to power off, restart or put their computer into sleep mode. In OS X, clicking on the Apple logo in the upper-left hand corner of the desktop displays these options. Without serious modifications, PC's running Windows can ONLY run Windows. Macs come with OS X built-in, but they can also run Windows!, which is built into OS X, helps you install Windows on a seperate partition of your Mac's hard drive.
Another popular program is called. It allows you to run OS X and Windows side-by-side. Backups One of the smartest things to do with your computer that many people forget to do is back it up.
There is an app that is built into OS X to help you backup your and it is called Time Machine. First, buy an external hard drive that has a greater or equal storage capacity as your computer's internal hard drive and connect it to your Mac. Then, launch Time Machine - which can be found in your Applications folder - and select the external hard drive as your destination and BAM, your Mac will now automatically back itself up every day if the external drive is connected. Much easier than Windows. Windows 8.1 - Software A major difference between the and Windows operating systems is that Windows 8 and 8.1 operating systems were designed with tablets in mind and OS X is designed with the traditional desktop computer in mind. Apple prides itself on ease-of-use and although there is a slight learning curve when moving between the operating systems, many people find OS X easier to use. Windows is easily susceptible to viruses and anti-virus software is highly reccomended in order to protect the machine.
Windows computers also do not come with as robust of a suite of software that OS X does and requires the purchase of Microsoft Office in order to get common productivity software. OS X has everything you need right out of the box without any additional purchases. OS X is a more secure operating system and although anti-virus software is available for Macs, it is not required in OS X for your computer to function. The Experience When you buy a Mac, I suggest that you spend a little time with it and get to know how the operating system works and how it differs from your previous computer.
Understanding the differences will give you a better experience with your new and make the transition easier.
Recently I came across an issue in the djbdns service on a linux host that I am setting up. After resolving around 250 remote queries, tinydns just stopped responding with no error messages. The same happened with dnscachex. A reboot would give me another allowance of 250 queries. I was not happy. After chasing this bug for a ridiculous amount of time, which included a fair bit of strace, tcpdump, reboots, googling, scripting tests, comparing it with a working installation, etc, I got to the bottom of it.
To make a long story short, turns out that daemontools - a support package that monitors djbdns services - was firing up multilog which in turn was failing to run due to invalid permissions set in its log directory (multilog was executed under dnslog:nofiles and its log directory was owned by root:root, so there was little chance of multilog writing files there). Logging in djbdns is implemented with a FIFO pipe between tinydns and the logger process - usually multilog. As multilog never really started, tinydns locked up after pumping enough data into the log pipe which apparently filled up its input buffer (guess I could find out exactly how large it is.). Changing ownership of the log directory to dnslog:nofiles fixed the problem. Drwxr-sr-x 2 dnslog nofiles 4096 Mar 19 03:18 main -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 98 Mar 24 02:32 run -rw-r-r- 1 dnslog nofiles 0 Oct 14 17:59 status drwx-S- 2 root root 4096 Mar 24 02:33 supervise Then I took the chance to make a further tweak: in a Linux system with no storage, I was not interested in having djbdns writing log files locally. Having a syslog daemon available, configured to forward data to a remote server made the solution quite obvious.
All I needed was to get djbdns to forward logs to the local syslog daemon. This is surprisingly easy to do but not at all obvious. The logger process is started by daemontools via the wrapper script /service/tinydns/log/run. #!/bin/sh exec setuidgid dnslog multilog t./main Instead of multilog, logger can be used to pipe data to syslog like so: #!/bin/sh exec /usr/bin/logger -p local5.debug -t tinydns I chose facility local 5, log level debug and program name tinydns to mark these log entries, but these parameters are user defined. See the logger man page for more information. The same technique can be applied to dnscachex.
On the remote syslog server, I segregate these logs with the following configuration rules remember to rotate these log files!: $template HostDirFiletinydns,'/var/log/%HOSTNAME%/tinydns.log' $template HostDirFilednscache,'/var/log/%HOSTNAME%/dnscache.log' # DNS services if $syslogfacility-text 'local5' and $programname 'tinydns' then?HostDirFiletinydns & if $syslogfacility-text 'local5' and $programname 'dnscachex' then?HostDirFilednscache & Job done. Summary It is possible to create a bootable Mac OS X Lion installation disk without having purchased the OS from Apple's online App store.
I am not talking about a recovery system, but instead of a USB stick or DVD or partition from which the OS can be fully installed or reinstalled onto a computer with an empty disk and no Internet connection. All the guides I found on the Internet about creating Lion installation USB sticks or DVDs relied on the premise that the user has purchased their OS on Apple store and the process involves its re-download.
I have not purchased Mac OS X Lion on App Store so I am unable to re-download it from there without buying again. The other alternative, about 3x more expensive, would be to buy Apple's Mac OS X Lion USB drive. Not going to happen either. Background Apple's latest Mac OS X Lion has a new model of installation and recovery.
They have stopped distributing their OS in physical media. Instead people can now purchase Lion on the Apple store, which is delivered in a download. Because of this, a new mechanism to allow for operating system recoveries or reinstalls has been implemented. This new model of recovery relies initially on a 650MB bootable hidden recovery partition, labelled 'Recovery HD' containing what I would call a 'Recovery Mac OS X'.
From here users can use recovery tools such as Disk Utility or a terminal, recovering a time machine backup or reinstalling the OS. In fairness, creating physical installation media is not necessary because hardware released after Lion came out can boot in recovery mode from the Internet.
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Then a fully restore or installation into an empty disk can be done entirely from the Internet. Older hardware still compatible with Lion can do the same via a boot volume created by the Lion Recovery Assistant tool (same content as in the recovery partition). Both methods have the downside of requiring an Internet connection and time to download about 4GB of data. I like their new installation and recovery method.
It ends up being more flexible than its predecessors. The ability to install Lion without any type of media is great! But some people - including me - would like to have some sort of physical media with from which a full OS install could be made. Even though I did not use them more than once, I kept the original install discs of 10.4 Tiger, 10.5 Leopard and 10.6 Snow Leopard. Creating physical Lion installation media is feasible and fairly easy too. It is likely that the number of guides over the Internet about creating Mac OS X Lion installation media has reached triple digits by now. However all the guides I have read (admittedly not all) assume that the OS has been bought at the Apple App Store.
They all rely on extracting that InstallESD.dmg by re-downloading Lion from the App Store, eventually by making use of the command + click modifier to force re-download. This excludes all Apple buyers that obtained their latest operating system by buying a macbook or imac computer recently. I legally own a copy of Mac OS X Lion because it was pre-installed on a new laptop, which makes it legal but not purchased at the App Store.
When I go to the App Store, Lion does not appear as a 'purchased' product under my apple id (makes sense). Therefore if I wanted to re-download Lion from the App Store I would have to buy it again. Not going to happen. Apple also sells Lion in physical media (a USB stick) but it costs about 3x the price of standard,online install Lion. Not a good solution either.
Someone somewhere on the Internet has claimed that once the OS jumps a minor version, it would show up to download. I could not reproduce this as the OS got updated from 10.7.2 to 10.7.3. It just does not seem fair that I do not get the same features as if I had purchased Lion on the App Store. How to: Create a Mac OS X Lion installation volume without having purchased it from the App Store The limitation of not having bought Lion on the App Store is not being able to re-download the OS's installer, specifically from where it is possible to extract InstallESD.dmg - the 3.6GB image with the full install tree. This can be achieved by running the Internet recovery process to reinstall OS X Lion on a blank disk. Before beginning Ensure that what you are doing is legal and under Apple's terms and conditions. My laptop came pre-installed with Mac OS X Lion so I am elligible to perform this bare metal recovery.
It is relevant to keep the operating system installed on the internal disk functional. This process requires no changes to the internal disk. In fact if you don't have a working OS on the internal disk, you'll need a second Mac to get this done. Prepare the target disk Find a 20GB+ external disk, USB or Firewire (Thunderbolt should work too) with disposable data (all data on the external disk will be deleted, of course). Use Disk Utility to create a new GUID partition scheme with one partition (labelled with whatever you like, but preferably different from the internal disk's label) formatted with 'Mac OS Extended (Journaled)' file system. Remember to apply the changes. This will be your target install disk!
I have labelled mine 'Lion Install'. Creating the Install partition on the target disk Step 2. Go into Internet Recovery mode Ensure that you have Internet connectivity via Wi-Fi or Ethernet and reboot (erm, remember to memorise the remaining steps or print them or view them in another device). Connect the external disk and shutdown. Hold cmd-r while pressing the power button to startup the computer into Recovery mode. Release cmd-r after the apple symbol appears. You should have booted into recovery mode which has no user accounts, a grey background and starts with the 'Choose your language' screen.
This simpler OS has been loaded from a hidden partition of the internal disk or directly off the Internet. How cool is that??
Initiate Lion reinstallation into the target media Choose the option 'Reinstall Mac OS X Lion' and select your external disk as the target (in my case labelled 'Lion Install'. Soon after this you will be asked to accept an EULA and Apple will verify your eligibility to perform this installation. If Apple says you're good to go, which should be guaranteed on any hardware released after Mac OS X Lion, the download process begins. The recovery program mentions that ' your computer will reboot automatically': this is important, because the reinstallation process requires no interaction and will happily stop after the OS is fully installed on the target media, at which point the files we require will have been deleted. Interrupt the installation process The installation process must not be allowed to finish.
I ensured I was present when the download finished and the computer rebooted. At that point, I hijacked the process and forced the computer to boot into the internal disk's OS instead of the external disk's installer program. Simply disconnecting the external disk from the computer immediately after it reboots should suffice to startup into the internal disk's OS.
If the computer is allowed to reboot into the installer program, that is fine, but a reboot must be forced before the installation ends, because at that point the installer program is deleted, which is exactly what we're after. Contents of Lion installation media prepared from InstallESD.dmg image About the Internet Recovery process Luckily Apple's implementaion of Internet recovery is simple:. Download OS X Installer onto target drive;.
Reboot from the target drive and run the installer;. Delete the installer just before rebooting again into the newly installed OS; So, between steps 1) and 2), what is left on the target disk is actually the full Mac OS X Lion's installer program. Hardware RAID After having used software RAID on Linux for longer than I'd care to admit, I decided to go business and get a proper RAID controller. I mean having a decent motherboard with a bunch of unused bandwidth (2 channel PCI-X bus), it seemed only fair to make use of it. I was primarily looking for a good SATA-II PCI-X controller with more than 4 ports. The short list came down to LSI Logic Megaraid 300-8x, Adaptec 2820SA and 3Ware 9550SX-8.
Availability and cost end up being the same thing in this case. Most can be bought new but they are extortionately expensive. Alternatively there's the 2nd hand market on ebay. But few cards of this type are there. Eventually I got the 12 port version of the 3ware card (9550SX-12) plus a cache battery (!!). 3ware 9550SX-12 Advantages The whole point of this was to free up system resources from RAID duties (mostly kernel tasks eating away system time, which isn't that much for RAID 1) but more importantely to gain performance by making use of more disks over multiple high bandwidth channels.
This was achieved by the 3ware controller which does a wonderful job at managing devices and RAID volumes on its own, independently of the operating system. In addition, the Linux kernel does include a driver that supports the card and the vendor's management tool (twcli) is very good. Below is a quick listing of me detaching two independent disks and reattaching them in a RAID 1 array. The backup battery unit had not been charge-tested yet by the controller (a 20+ hour process), so it refused to enable functionality that depended on it. Alice is a Ducati Desmosedici RR: a £40k road legal MotoGP motorcycle replica. This is a rare find, particularly due to its price, but also because of scarce availability.
There's a lot special about this bike from an engineering point of view. is the road legal Racing Replica of the MotoGP;. is the n'th season motogp racing bike developed by Ducati. A covert distributed file system implemented on top of hacked printers. Video here: A more generic, yet much longer and deeper printer hacking presentation. Included in the discussion are the issues of firmware infection and remote attacks to printers with malicious physical consequences.
Cisco's guide of IPv6 for dummies. This is a long PDF presentation that is well worth the time to go through. TCP hijacking state of the art (in the context of proxy services) Complements well with this tool: fun! Metallica: the black album, an album of a very rare breed of musical work.
I bought this CD a long time ago - around 1994 (about 17 years ago). Shortly after I bought it, maybe a year or so, I noticed these tiny cracks appearing around the edges. Those tiny cracks have been growing as if erosion or corrosion has been taking place in the reflective material. Eroded compact disc? No other CD I own has ever had this kind of issue.
I'm guessing this was a manufacturing defect, perhaps a one-off or an entire batch, who knows? The last track doesn't play any more - there's no reflective material left to cover the entire surface that contains it.
Isn't it ironic that this kind of physical wear would develop in a - one of the most robust digital support ever made, originally developed and aimed at the consumer market as reliable media to record and playback music? The fact that this was a one-off in my collection and that a (quick) google search revealed nothing of this kind probably means that this is indeed rare.
But a curious one, nonetheless. Physical distance and network distance have an interesting relationship. Even though intra and inter-city links can be horribly slow and therefore not a good measure of physical distance, the same is not as true for international and inter-continental links.
We all seem to use Mail, or other email apps regularly. With the advent of larger Mail boxes and faster internet speeds, attachments to emails become more common. I regularly get emails from people and friends with images, files and PDF’s. These 1mb+ files don’t seem to big on there own.
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However, once you start adding them up they take up a lot of disk space, and if you have a web based email provider a lot of space in your allowed storage space. This post is going to show you too methods to keep these attachments in check. In the previous versions of Mac OS X you can securely delete files. I found this very handy for certain financial documents that I wanted to remove without the risk of having anything left behind should my Mac become compromised or stolen. Normally this would be accessed from Finder Securely Empty Trash or right clicking on the Trash Dock icon and selecting Secure Empty Trash.
This has been removed in the latest version of Mac OS due to a security venerability, but there is a method of doing this with Terminal.
Apple has long walked its own illustrious path, introducing one ground breaking product after another. Its operating systems and programs have always followed a different architecture than Windows and host of very common Ms Windows application do not work on Mac systems. Amongst them zip files too used to figure in the list notable absentees in the Mac ecosystem. Macintosh machines used to come with their own archive feature and zip was not supported. Now thanks to WinZip App for iOS your zip files can be seamlessly opened on a Mac machine.
Working with zip files on iOS devices Opening zip files on Mac desktop systems is quite easy and can be performed by nearly any user. However when you are using a touch enabled iOS device like iPhone, you need to pay attention to its specific steps for tackling zip files.
Let’s look at the some of the scenarios that you may experience. In case you receive the zip file as an attachment via email then you just need to tap on the Open with WinZip option and follow the onscreen instructions. You will find a list of enclosed documents and you can choose to extract one or all of them as per your choice. The application allows you to directly zip archives and email them from within its interface.
When it comes to viewing your images stored in a zip archive, the app offers you the album option wherein you can view thumbnails of the images before deciding to unzip them. It thus saves a considerable amount of your time as you can avoid unnecessary work of unzipping albums that you do not want to access. The application allows you a set of well thought out options when it comes to sharing albums. Once you extract an image file from a zip drive you can directly share it via email on even post it on social sites like Twitter and Facebook directly from the app. The app also allows you to choose the compression method as per your need. In case you wish to save maximum space then you can opt to exercise the best compression method which offers a substantially higher compression ratio than other options.
Dealing with corrupt zip files on Mac In case you have a corrupt zip archive on an Apple device, the best way forward would be to copy the file onto a Windows machine. Once you have the corrupted file on a PC, you can just procure a top of the line tool like DataNumen Zip Repair and extract the contents of archive. Once the recovered files are created by the application, you can choose to transfer the files onto a Mac machine. The DataNumen Zip Repair application is capable of bringing out the contents from an extensively corrupted archive and is an ideal tool for batch recovery. Author Introduction: Alan Chen is President & Chairman of DataNumen, Inc., which is the world leader in data recovery technologies, including zip repair and software products.
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I’m not a keyboard shortcut junkie. I use cut, copy, and paste all the time but most others escape me just when I need them. Here are a few though that I’ve been using a lot lately.The commands all use the “option” key and are all known to keyboard shortcut junkies.
If you have the volume slider showing in your Mac’s menu bar try pressing the option key while clicking on the icon. A list of all available audio inputs and outputs will appear allowing you to switch among them without opening the Sound preference pane. You can open the pane from here if you wish. Speaking of the Sound preference pane, it can be opened from the menu bar by option clicking the volume slider but there is an easier way. Try pressing “option” plus one of the sound buttons (volume up, volume down, or mute) simultaneously.
You’ll be taken directly to the Sound pane. If you find those shortcuts handy, try “option” plus screen brightness or contrast. This combination takes you directly to the Displays preference pane.
There are many other shortcuts which make use of the option key plus one or more modifier keys. Experiment a bit and find the ones most useful for you.
A list to get you started. Look for more more of Sly’s Quick Tips each week on Friday.
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